Table 2From “What are unit economics?”
Three-Year Financial and Unit Economic Trajectory
Table 2Three-Year Financial and Unit Economic Trajectory
| Performance Metric | Year 0 (Broken Baseline) | Year 1 (Stabilization) | Year 2 (Efficiency) | Year 3 (Scaled Excellence) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Enterprise Customers | 400 | 440 | 520 | 680 |
| Average Contract Value (ACV) | \$30,000 | \$34,000 | \$38,000 | \$42,000 |
| Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR) | \$12,000,000 | \$14,960,000 | \$19,760,000 | \$28,560,000 |
| Monthly ARPU per Customer | \$2,500 | \$2,833 | \$3,167 | \$3,500 |
| Direct Monthly Cost to Serve (CTS) | \$1,350 | \$950 | \$680 | \$550 |
| Unit Contribution Margin % | 46.0% | 66.5% | 78.5% | 84.3% |
| Monthly Contribution Cash per Account | \$1,150 | \$1,883 | \$2,487 | \$2,950 |
| Fully Loaded CAC per Customer | \$38,000 | \$32,000 | \$27,500 | \$24,500 |
| Contribution CAC Payback Horizon | 33.0 months | 17.0 months | 11.1 months | 8.3 months |
| Annual Customer Retention Rate ($r$) | 78.0% | 85.0% | 90.0% | 92.5% |
| Implied Average Customer Lifespan | 3.2 years | 4.8 years | 7.2 years | 10.5 years |
| 5-Year Discounted Contribution LTV | \$34,800 | \$68,500 | \$108,200 | \$139,800 |
| LTV:CAC Ratio (Contribution Basis) | 0.57x (Insolvent) | 2.14x | 3.93x | 5.71x (World-Class) |
| Operating Cash Flow (Burn / Profit) | -\$7,500,000 | -\$1,800,000 | +\$2,400,000 | +\$8,200,000 |
| Implied ARR Valuation Multiple | 4.0x | 6.0x | 8.0x | 10.5x |
| Enterprise Valuation | \$48,000,000 | \$89,760,000 | \$158,080,000 | \$299,880,000 |
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Source: Table from this essay. Sources and interpretation are given in the article.

From the essay
Growth that compounds
What are unit economics?
Unit economics evaluate direct revenue and variable costs per fundamental business unit. Define the unit, contribution margin, CAC and payback horizon.
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