Figure 1From “Market-entry mode trades control for learning and reversibility”
Conceptual commitment and redirectability by route
The chart displays one author-generated commitment dimension. The mode commitment ledger keeps control, learning, relationship dependence, integration work, and validation separate.
Figure 1Conceptual commitment and redirectability by route
Source: Author-generated conceptual ordering grounded in Johanson and Vahlne (1977, 2009), Barkema and Vermeulen (1998), and Barkema, Bell and Pennings (1996). Code 1 means easier to redirect resources and code 3 means harder to redirect them in this conceptual design. The codes are not measured mode scores, a universal ranking, or a performance forecast.

Source and evidence
Each line names a claim related to this exhibit, its source, and how it was checked.
- A JV77-C4 Commitment has an amount and a degree, and specialisation drives the degree: "The more specialized the resources are to the specific market" "the greater is the degree of commitment"johanson-vahlne-1977-internationalization-process
- A JV77-C5 The two kinds of knowledge are distinguished in the paper: "We can also distinguish" "between general knowledge and market-specific" knowledge, the latter gained mainly through market experiencejohanson-vahlne-1977-internationalization-process
- A JV09-C5 The reason for adding knowledge creation is relational: "new knowledge is developed in relationships"johanson-vahlne-2009-liability-of-outsidership
- A BV98-C5 The mechanism the authors give for the acquisition side: "The acquired firm needs to unlearn" old routines in technology, rules, procedures, conventions and strategiesbarkema-vermeulen-1998-start-up-or-acquisition
- A BBP96-C2 The double layer is the authors' own term: "Cultural distance is a prominent factor in foreign entry whenever this involves another firm, requiring the firm to engage in" double-layered acculturation, "signaling adjustment to both a foreign national and an alien corporate culture"barkema-bell-pennings-1996-foreign-entry-learning
- A BBP96-C3 Where the learning shows up, in the authors' words: "the longevity of foreign entries, in which the firm has a majority stake, improves whenever the expanding firm engaged in prior entries in the same country and in other countries in the same cultural block"barkema-bell-pennings-1996-foreign-entry-learning
Grades: A, verified against the printed page of the primary source · B, primary source, text layer only · C, authoritative secondary · D, reported.
From the essay
Go-to-market strategy
Market-entry mode trades control for learning and reversibility
An entry mode is a commitment design. Compare control, learning, resource specificity, relationship dependence, and reversibility before choosing a route.
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Table 1Table
How should corporate development teams maintain a mode commitment ledger?
Market-entry mode trades control for learning and reversibility

Table 1Table
The two-part route ledger
The channel that books the sale may not own the customer

Figure 2Figure
A route-to-market record
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