Table 1From “What is selection bias? The sample can change the answer”
What does selection bias mean?
Table 1What does selection bias mean?
| Object | Question | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Target population | To whom or what should the conclusion speak? | All eligible accounts in a defined market and period |
| Eligibility rule | Which units are allowed to enter the intended population? | Accounts meeting region, product, and date criteria |
| Observed sample | Which units were actually measured or analyzed? | Accounts with a response, event, or usable record |
| Conditioning event | What later state or variable restricted the comparison? | Reached proposal, answered survey, or accepted treatment |
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What is selection bias? The sample can change the answer
Selection bias begins with the inclusion mechanism. Name the target, eligibility rule, exclusions, and conditioning event before comparing outcomes.
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The synthetic selection-bias eligibility ledger
What is selection bias? The sample can change the answer

Figure 3Figure
Leavers and stayers, coded on one rule
The metric didn't die. The cohort did.

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