Figure 16 Sept 2026From “What is claim entailment? Does the source support the sentence?”

The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit

A citation is ready only when the source sentence and the written proposition survive the same scope, relation, outcome, time, and qualifier test.

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Figure 1The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit

ID	Claim sentence	Evidence sentence	Relation	Missing or changed field	Permitted wording
C-01	The intervention increased activation for all customers.	In the trial sample, activation was higher for eligible self-serve accounts.	Partial	Population and eligibility	“Activation was higher in the eligible trial sample.”
C-02	The workflow caused faster sales.	Teams using the workflow completed the measured stage sooner in the observed comparison.	Partial	Design and causal verb	“The observed comparison was associated with shorter stage time.”
C-03	The paper proves that the mechanism works.	The authors propose the mechanism and report evidence consistent with it.	Partial	Proof and alternative explanations	“The findings are consistent with the proposed mechanism.”
C-04	The effect was 20 percentage points.	The estimate was 20 points with a wide interval that includes smaller effects.	Partial	Uncertainty	“The point estimate was 20 points; uncertainty remains material.”
C-05	Citation distortion never changes decisions.	The bounded network study describes amplification and invention of authority.	Contradicts	Direction	“The study documents ways citation can amplify authority.”
C-06	The source supports a claim about German enterprise buyers.	The source studies a different population and setting.	No evidence	Population and context	“No support for the German enterprise claim from this source.”

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Source: Author's synthetic claim-to-evidence audit grounded in Greenberg (2009). Source and claim sentences are illustrative; relation labels, missing qualifiers, and permitted wording are author synthesis.

PNG4:3, 1600 × 1200, with the title, the source line and the attribution set in the image isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02.png

Source and evidence

Each line names a claim related to this exhibit, its source, and how it was checked.

A GRN09-C1 The stated outcome measures are "Citation bias, amplification, and invention, and their effects on determining authority", in a complete citation network about one biomedical belief. These are mechanisms that can create unfounded authorityGreenberg (2009), abstract and discussion
A GRN09-C3 The evidence base is one network: "The network contained 242 papers and 675 citations addressing the belief". Within it, citation alone can convert a hypothesis into a statement presented as factGreenberg (2009), abstract and discussion
B R04-OWN-C1 Claim entailment asks whether the evidence supports the proposition as written, including subject, population, setting, treatment or association, outcome, direction, magnitude, time, and qualifiersAuthor framework grounded in GRN09-C1 to GRN09-C3
B R04-OWN-C4 A partial-entailment verdict should identify the missing population, condition, direction, magnitude, outcome, or time qualifierAuthor operating framework
B R04-OWN-C7 The six-row claim audit uses synthetic claim and evidence sentences and does not represent a published author's wording or an automated entailment scoreAuthor synthetic object
B R04-OWN-C9 Entailment review should preserve the source sentence, locator, claim sentence, relation, missing qualifier, and permitted wordingAuthor framework

Grades: A, verified against the printed page of the primary source · B, primary source, text layer only · C, authoritative secondary · D, reported.

From the essay

From the research bench

What is claim entailment? Does the source support the sentence?

Claim entailment tests whether a source supports the exact sentence beside its citation. Check scope, direction, magnitude, time, and conditions.

6 Sept 2026

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This exhibit belongs to an essay: the numbers live here, the argument lives there.

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APA 7

Isoglu, S. (2026). The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit [Figure]. isoglu.com. https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02/

BibTeX

@misc{isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02,
  author = {Isoglu, Sinan},
  title = {{The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Figure 1, isoglu.com},
  url = {https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02/},
  note = {From the essay {What is claim entailment? Does the source support the sentence?}}
}

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<figure>
  <a href="https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02/">
    <img src="https://isoglu.com/social/isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02.png" alt="Figure 1: The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit" width="3200" height="2400">
  </a>
  <figcaption>Figure 1: The synthetic claim-to-evidence audit. Source: Author&#39;s synthetic claim-to-evidence audit grounded in Greenberg (2009). Source and claim sentences are illustrative; relation labels, missing qualifiers, and permitted wording are author synthesis. <a href="https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-what-is-claim-entailment-fig02/">View exhibit</a>.</figcaption>
</figure>