Table 129 Aug 2026From “Institutional distance is asymmetric uncertainty”

The institution behind the distance

Before using institutional distance, name the direction, dimension, experience, and decision. Do not combine unlike dimensions into one sign.

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Table 1The institution behind the distance

Declaration	What to name	Why it matters	What not to infer
Direction	Home, host, entrant, target, or both parties	The same gap can create different work for each side.	Distance is not automatically symmetric.
Dimension	Regulatory, financial, governance, informal, cultural, or another construct	Dimensions can carry different mechanisms and signs.	A composite score is not a mechanism.
Experience	Relevant prior country, cultural-block, or institutional experience	Learning can alter uncertainty for some entry modes.	Experience does not erase institutional difference.
Decision	Location, entry mode, ownership, commitment, or post-deal outcome	The construct's meaning depends on the decision.	Location choice is not acquisition performance.
Evidence boundary	Home country, period, sample, and source of the measure	Context limits transportability.	A historical or single-home result is a current global score.

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Source: Author's decision table grounded in Kostova et al. (2020), Depperu, Galavotti, and Baraldi (2024), and Barkema, Bell, and Pennings (1996). The table is a mechanism declaration, not a country-risk score.

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From the essay

From the research bench

Institutional distance is asymmetric uncertainty

Entry direction, institutional quality, and prior experience change what distance means. Separate the mechanism before assigning a country risk.

29 Aug 2026

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APA 7

Isoglu, S. (2026). The institution behind the distance [Table]. isoglu.com. https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01/

BibTeX

@misc{isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01,
  author = {Isoglu, Sinan},
  title = {{The institution behind the distance}},
  year = {2026},
  howpublished = {Table 1, isoglu.com},
  url = {https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01/},
  note = {From the essay {Institutional distance is asymmetric uncertainty}}
}

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<figure>
  <a href="https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01/">
    <img src="https://isoglu.com/social/isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01.png" alt="Table 1: The institution behind the distance" width="3200" height="2400">
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  <figcaption>Table 1: The institution behind the distance. Source: Author&#39;s decision table grounded in Kostova et al. (2020), Depperu, Galavotti, and Baraldi (2024), and Barkema, Bell, and Pennings (1996). The table is a mechanism declaration, not a country-risk score. <a href="https://isoglu.com/insights/exhibits/isoglu-2026-institutional-distance-is-asymmetric-uncertainty-fig01/">View exhibit</a>.</figcaption>
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