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Table Table 1 From the research bench

Which four dimensions change the transfer question?

DimensionObject that can changeDiagnostic questionTypical hidden substitution
X-validityPopulation or unitWho was in the source, and who is in the target?Trial users become enterprise accounts
T-validityTreatment or implementationIs the target intervention the same treatment in the relevant sense?An email sequence becomes a sales-led program
Y-validityOutcome or measurementIs the target outcome the same construct, event, and horizon?First report exported becomes 90-day renewal
C-validityContext or settingCould geography, institution, channel, language, regulation, or time change the mechanism?One market's operating conditions become another's

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Reference & Evidence

Source: Table from this essay. Sources and interpretation are given in the article.

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